THE ANCIENT BURMESE PEOPLE.

Archaeological evidence shows that an extinct species of archaic humans lived in the region formerly known as Burma (now Myanmar) as early as 750,000 years ago. The region is located in South East Asia bordered by India and Bangladesh to its West, Thailand and Laos to its East, and China to its North and North East. To its South, about one third of its total perimeter forms an uninterrupted coastline along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
The Burmese folk religion refers to ancient animistic worship of deities, and the precise origin of their faith is not known, although their worship defer across the different regions and villages. However, there are a handful of beliefs that are universal.
The Burmese cosmology is the description of the shape and evolution of the Universe, and its existence consists of temporal and spatial. Temporal is said to be the division of existence in 4 discrete moments: creation, duration, dissolution, and state of being dissolved. Spatial is said to consists of: a vertical type cosmology, the various planes of beings, their bodies, characteristics, foods, lifespan, beauty and a horizontal cosmology, and the distribution of these world-systems into an infinite sheet of universes.
The vertical cosmology itself is divided into 31 planes of existence and the planes into 3 realms, each corresponding to a different type of mentality. These 3 realms are: the Arupyad'Hatu (4 Realms), the Rupad'Hatu (16 Realms), and the Kamad'Hatu (15 Realms).
The Arupyad'Hatu or "Formless realm"has no place in a purely physical cosmology, as none of the beings inhabiting it has either shape or location. The realm belongs to the divine beings who attained and remained in the Four Formless Absorptions of the Arupadyanas in a previous life, and now enjoy the fruits of that accomplishment.
The Rupad'Hatu or "Form realm" is the first of the physical realms; its inhabitants all have a location and bodies of a sort, with no sexual distinctions, though those bodies are composed of a subtle substance which is of itself invisible to the inhabitants of the Kamad'Hatu. The beings of the Form realm are not subject to the extremes of pleasure and pain, or governed by desires for things pleasing to the senses, as the being of Kamad'Hatu are. Like the beings of the Arupyad'Hatu, the dwellers in the Rupad'Hatu have minds corresponding to their series of cultivated states of mind, which lead to a state of perfect equanimity and awareness. In their case it is the 4 lower Rupadhyanas, which are further divided for a total of sixteen. Physically, the Rupad'Hatu consists of a series of planes stacked on top of each other, each one in a series of steps half the size of the previous one as one descends. In part, this reflects that the higher planes are broader in extent than the ones lower down, sometimes taken to be about 4,000 times the height of a man, a so approximately 7.31 kilometers (4.54 miles).
The Pure Abodes are distinct from the other worlds of the Rupad'Hatu. They do not house beings who have been born there through ordinary merit or meditative attainments, but only those "Non-returners" (Anagamins) who are already on the path to attain enlightenment directly from the Source without being reborn in a lower plane. Very important to all Pure Abodes is the Souce from which they dwell and which supports them, the "Well-Spring" of myriad fonts as emergent. It may be understood as an interface, portal or epiphany. It is seminal in governing the outer, inner or secret dimensions. it is the opening and consecration of the sacred space which enfolds and supports the expanse of the Pure Abode. It is represented by the six-pointed star, the two interlocking offset equilateral triangles that form a symmetry, the innermost sanctum of a temple.
The picture of these world-systems cannot be taken as a literal description of the shape of the universe, because it is inconsistence and cannot be made consistence with astronomical data. It is an universe seen by a "divine eye" able to perceive a higher knowledge, through virtuous way of living. This included worldly extra-sensory abilities (such as seeing past and future lives) as well as the extinction of all mental intoxicants (mental defilements of sensual pleasures, craving for existence and ignorance).

THE EGYPTIANS AND THE MOON.

The moon has played an important role in Egyptian religion. The moon was commonly represented as a combination of the full-moon disk with the crescent moon and shown as traversing the sky in a boat.
In the relationship between the moon and the stars, the lunar god was designated as the ruler of the stars. Unlike the solar god Aten, it is uncertain that the disk of the moon was itself ever worshiped as a deity. Rather, like animals, it was regarded as a symbol or manifestation of specific deities.
On account of the similarity in shape of the crescent moon and a bull's horns, the moon was compared to that animal. Lunar gods were shown with the lunar symbol with sharp horns on their heads. At times the full-moon disk could have the lunar eye of Re which was stolen by Seth, and associated with Thoth who healed it upon its return (wadjat eye, either the left or the right), or a lunar god depicted within it. It was also used as an amulet. A pair of Wedjat eyes on a coffin or a tomb were used to protect the dead against the evil eye.
The most complete depiction of the entire lunar cycle is found inside the temple of Edfu's sanctuary.
Edfu was the capital of the second nome (Horus) of Upper Egypt. The town was known as T'Bot by the early Egyptians. It is the best preserved ancient temple in Egypt and the second largest after Karnak, dedicated to the falcon headed god, Horus. The temple was built on the site of the great battle between Horus and Seth. Hence, the current temple was but the last in a long series of temples build on it. The original structure housing the statue of Horus was a grass hut built in prehistoric times, and during the reigns of 6 Ptolemies,  a temple was designed and built on the site. The construction begun in 237 BC by Ptolemy III Eu-Ergetes I, and finished in 57 BC. Most of the work continued throughout this time with a brief interlude of 20 years while there was unrest during the period of Ptolemy IV and Ptolemy V Ep-Iphanes.
The predominant myth concerning the moon relates its cycle to the battle between Horus and Seth over the inheritance of Osiris. Seth steals the eye of Horus and divides it into 6 parts, thus damaging it. Thoth later restores it with his fingers, or spiting on it. This restored eye is called wedjat beginning in the New Kingdom. Another much older myth says that Onuris, Thoth, or Osiris as moon returns the complete eye to Horus. Thoth may also be said to catch the lunar eye in a net, acting together with the god Shu.
This act, which was performed by Thoth together with a specific group of 14 gods, was performed on the 6th lunar day. Together with Thoth, these gods represented the 15th days leading up to the full moon, and again the days of the waning moon. Because of the identification of the moon with the god, Horus, the birth of Horus was celebrated on the 2nd lunar day in the ancient Egyptian month of Phar-Muthi. Therefore, at Edfu where it is stated that "when Horus completes the half month, he assumes control of the sky rejuvenated," the full moon could be equated with the adult Horus. At the moment of the full moon, Horus was declared "true of voice" and "joyful" because of his victory over Seth in the divine tribunal of Helio-Polis. Based on this theme, the lunar cycle was linked to the renewal of royal powers at Karnak.
The beginning of the lunar cycle was the New Moon, and it ended with the moment of the Full Moon. The moon only became visible on the 2nd day of the lunar month. The lunar cycle is represented either as a 6 day evolution up to the sixth day, or as a 15th day evolution up to the ideal day of the full moon.
The importance given to the 6th day is explained by the increasing intensity of moonlight at this stage of the cycle, though sometimes the 7th day is mentioned instead.
There are numerous reliefs inside the Edfu temple, including a depiction of the Feast of the Beautiful Meeting, the annual reunion between Horus and his wife Hathor. The reliefs spiritually connects this temple with Hathor temple at the Dendera complex. A symbolic relief where staircase with 14 steps supports the 14 gods of the waxing moon is shown there. Also a list of a different group of 30, mostly male, deities associated with the days of the lunar month, is present there. In these legends, the first 15 gods are said to fill the wedjat eye with a fraction each day, after the moon's reduction is recorded up to 24th day, when the intensity of the moonlight has all but disappeared.
The opposition of the Sun and Moon in the sky (both Re's eyes) in the sky on the 15th or 16th day of the month was the most important moment of the lunar cycle. It was known as "the uniting of the two bulls."A ritual was celebrated with the offering of two mirrors, symbolizing the 2 eyes at this precise moment of rejuvenation of the sun god Amun-Re at Thebes, and also when the moon god Khonsu (a young man in the posture of a mummy with the royal side-lock and punt head, wears the moon disk on his shoulders), received his heritage of cosmic rule.
During the 3rd month of summer, the priests at Dendera would place the statue of Hathor on her barque (a ceremonial barge) and bring the statue to the Edfu temple, where Horus and Hathor shared a conjugal visit. Each night the god and goddess would retire to the berthing house (mamissi). There is still an entrance colonnade to the house, and reliefs with considerable color are placed just outside the main temple portraying the ritual of birth of Har'Somtus, son of Horus and Hathor.
Interruptions in the usual lunar cycle was feared by the ancient Egyptians. A lunar eclipse was seen as a bad omen, describing the sky being swallowed by the moon. The lunar cycle also influenced the daily life and the Egyptians dedicated a stone slab with an inscription used as a monument or grave marker (stele) to this events at Deir el-Medina.
Deir el-Medina, like Kahun (pyramid-town), and the town being uncovered at Giza, is a community of workmen and their families, supervisors and foremen and their families, all dedicated to building the great tombs of the Egyptians Kings. The image of thousands of toiling slaves, whipped by overseers,  gives to the modern consciousness a vivid life picture of the despotic manner of the ones who ruled Egypt with iron greedy fists, building their wealth and glory on the bleeding backs of this tortured laborers. The more work being done on these villages sounds a clear message from the past that, while they worked hard, these villages were made up of mostly free and willing citizens, doing their part to ensure the afterlife of their King.
In time, the moon became a symbol of rejuvenation. Later texts describes the moon cycle as "the one that repeats its form."
In funerary beliefs, the lunar cycle was an image of cyclical renewal. The feast of the 6th day was associated with the victory of Osiris (a green-sinned man dressed in the raiment of a pharaoh or in the form of a mummified pharaoh wearing a crown with a pair of ram horns at its base). By the time of the Pyramid Texts, the deceased is already identified with the moon. During the Middle Kingdom, beliefs were concerned with the night sky. The Coffin Texts from Deir el-Bersheh accord an equal place in the after world to the lunar god Thoth, next to Osiris, and Re.
Edfu was known by the Greeks as Apollo'Inopolis Magna, a religious and commercial centre.  During its period, the metaphor of comparison about the lunar cycle and the bull's horns also developed by  calling the crescent moon the "rutting bull, who inseminates the cows," but it was also said that "you unite with young women, you are an inseminating bull who fertilizes the girls," indicating a perceived relationship between female fertility and the moon.

THE ENIGMA OF THE BLUE MOON

The moon has been an object of worship, veneration, and intrigue among ancient civilizations. Because the menstrual and lunar cycles are similar in length, an ancient belief was that the moon controlled women's menstruation and could determine when women could become pregnant. Ancient Assyrian astrological texts give advice regarding when women are most fertile, according to the different phases of the moon, and moon deities, such as the Chinese goddess Chang'e, and the Inca goddess Quilla, were believed to control fertility and reproduction.
The moon has been shrouded in myths and legends for thousands of years.
Ancient healers believed in a strong connection between mania and the moon. The Greek Hippocrates (460-370 BC) wrote "one who is seized with terror, fright and madness during the night is because the person is being visited by the goddess of the moon." Pliny the Elder (23-79 CE), maintained that full moons had a particular influence upon our brains, being the 'moistest' organ, resulting in more crime and violence. Indeed, the words 'lunacy' and 'lunatic' come from the Roman goddess of the moon Luna, who was said to ride her silver chariot across the dark sky each night. The moon's waxing and waning have also made it a symbol of both birth/creation and death/destruction. Perhaps the greatest myth involving full moon is the ever-popular werewolf, a mythological human with the ability to shape-shift into a wolf-like creature during a full moon.
In oday's North American society, the older definition for the term Blue Moon has been traced back to the Maine Farmer's Almanac. It explained that the moon usually comes full 12 times in a year, three times for each season. Occasionally there will come a year when there are 13 full moons during a year, not the usual 12. And that extra full moon also meant that one of the four seasons would contain four moons instead of the usual three.
When the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa exploded in 1883, its dust turned sunsets green and the moon blue all around the world for two years. So when a particular season had four moons, the third was dubbed a Blue Moon, so that the other full moons could occur at the proper times relative to the solstices and equinoxes. Then the definition 'a Blue Moon is the 2nd full moon in a single month' came from a misinterpretation of the original definition.
In 1927, the Indian monsoons arrived late and the extra-long dry season blew up enough dust for a blue moon.
On September 23, 1950, several low-lying marsh fires that had been smoldering for several years in Alberta, Canada, suddenly blew up into major -and very smoky- fires. Winds carried the smoke East-ward and South-ward with unusual speed, and the conditions of the fire produced large quantities of oily droplets of just the right size to scatter red and yellow light. Wherever the smoke cleared enough so that the sun was visible, it was lavender or blue. Ontario, and much of the East coast of United States were affected by the following day, and two days later, observers of the phenomenon reported an Indigo sun in smoke-dimmed skies, followed by an equally blue moon that specific evening. The effect was caused by smoke dust particles thrown into the atmosphere due to the fires.
In 1983, people saw blue moons after the eruption of El Chinchon volcano in Mexico, and there are reports of blue moons caused by Mount St. Helens in 1980 and Mount Pinatubo in 1991.
So, in today's society, the key to a blue moon is having lots of particles slightly wider than a wavelength of red light (0.7 micrometer) -and no other sizes present. It is rare, but volcanoes sometimes produce such clouds, as do forest fires.  Also ash and dust clouds  thrown into the atmosphere by fires and storms usually contain a mixture of particles with a wide range of sizes (smallest 1 micro-meter), and they tend to scatter blue light. This kind of cloud makes the moon turn red; thus red moons are far more common  than blue moons.

UNDERSTANDING GOD AND HIS COVENANT.

A Covenant is an agreement between two entities and involves promises on the part of each to the other.
The Scripture provides an insight into the meaning of this important idea. The word "covenant" comes from a Hebrew root word that means "to cut." This explains the custom of two entities passing through the cut bodies of slain animals after making an agreement.
Genesis 15 explains this custom by saying, "The Lord said to Abram, 'I Am the Lord, Who led you out of Ur in Babylonia, to give you 'this Land' as your own.' But Abram asked, 'Sovereign Lord, how can I know that 'this Land' will be mine?' The Lord answered, 'Bring Me a cow, a goat, and a ram, each of them 3 years old, and a dove and a pigeon.' Abram brought 'the animals' to God, cut them in half, and placed the halves opposite each other in two rows; but he did not cut up the birds. Vultures came down on the bodies, but Abram drove them off. (Genesis 15: 7-11)
The apostle Paul speaks with very deep knowledge and understanding about God's Covenants with His People in this way:"I am speaking the Truth; I belong to Christ and I do not lie. My 'conscience,' ruled by the Holy Spirit, also assures me that I am not lying when I say how great is my sorrow, how endless the pain in my heart for my people, my own flesh and blood! For their sake I could wish that I myself were under God's Curse and 'separated' from Christ. They are God's people, He made them His children and revealed His Glory to them; He made His Covenants with them and gave them the Law." (Romans 9:1-4) Then the apostle adds more knowledge and understanding using this words, "So then, my friends, because of God's great Mercy to us I appeal to you: 'Offer yourselves as a living sacrifice to God, dedicated to His service and pleasing to Him. This is the True Worship that you should offer. Do not conform yourselves to the 'standards of this world,' but let God transform you inwardly by a complete change of 'your mind.' Then you will be able to know the Will of God." (Romans 12: 1-2)
"Moses wrote this about 'being put right' with God by 'obeying' the Law: 'Whoever obeys the commands of the Law will live.' But what the Scripture says about 'being put right' with God through Faith (to avoid the vultures coming over us) is this: 'You are not to ask yourself, Who will go up to heaven to bring Christ down?' Nor are you to ask, Who will go down into the world below to bring Christ up from death?'  What it says is this: 'God's Message is near to you, on your lips, on your heart,' that is, the Message of Faith." ...  "For it is by our Faith that we are 'put right' with God; it is by our confession that we are saved." (Romans 10: 5-9)
Abraham, the father of faith, and his children were commanded to be circumcised as a "sign of the covenant between God and His people." The sign is not physical it is spiritual. Paul teaches us about this matter by saying, "You call yourself a Jew; you depend on the Law and boast about God; you know what God wants you to do, and you have learned from the Law 'to choose' what is right; you are sure that you are a guide for the blind; a light for those who are in darkness, an instructor for the foolish and a teacher for the ignorant. You are certain that in the the Law you have the full content of knowledge and of Truth. You teach others -why don't you teach yourself? You preach, 'Do not steal' -but do you yourself steal? You say, 'Do not commit adultery' -but do you commit adultery? You detest idols -but do you rob temples? You boast about having God's Law -but do you bring shame on God by breaking His Law? The Scripture says, "because of you Jews, the Gentiles speak evil of God." If you obey God, your circumcision is of value; but if you disobey the Law, you might as well never have been circumcised. If the Gentile, who is not circumcised, obeys the commands of the Law, will not God regard him as though he were circumcised? And so you Jews will be condemned by the Gentiles because you break the Law even though you have the Law written down and are circumcised; but they obey the Law, even though they are not physically circumcised. After all, who is a real Jew, truly circumcised? It is not the 'man' who is a Jew 'on the outside,' whose circumcision is a physical thing. Rather, the real Jew is the person who is a Jew on the inside, that is, whose heart has been changed by the circumcision, and this is the Work of God's Spirit, not of the written Law. Such person receives praise from God, not from human beings."  (Romans 2: 17-29)

THE KING UR-NAMMU.

Ur-Nammu was the founder of the Third Dynasty of Ur in Summer who initiated the so-called Ur-III Period also known as the Sumerian Renaissance. He is best known as the king who composed the earliest documented Law Code in the visible world.
Although Ur-Nammu is frequently credited with overthrowing the rule of the Gutians, he just followed the lead of the king of Uruk, Utu-Hegel (his father-in-law), and only took a commanding role once his father-in-law was killed. The Gutians invaded Mesopotamia and toppled the weakening Akkadian Empire, which had ruled the region since the rise of Sargon of Akkad. Unlike the Akkadians, the Gutians did not recognize the gods of Sumer or the other regions and were uninterested in taking care of the land they conquered. Under the Gutians, grass grew high on the highways of the land. They were unhappy people unaware of how to revere things or forces of nature, and ignorant of any sort of religious practices. They were instead powerful warriors who loved to invade other people lands and put the city states throughout Mesopotamia under their control until Utu-Hegel of Uruk found the situation intolerable enough to do something about it.
He requested and was granted divine help to drive the Gutians away from the land and he adhered to the strictly mandate to refuse to negotiate with the Gutians in any form. The ancient chronicle states that, "Utu-Hegel, the fisherman, carried out criminal acts against Marduk's city, so the River carried off his corpse" which means that Utu-Hegel in some way dishonored the city of Babylon and so was removed by the forces of heaven by drowning him. The word fisherman in the line refers to a legend in which Utu-Hegel disputes with the Gutians over a fish, which could mean fishing rights or water rights in this case. The line also claims that Utu- Hegel drowned while supervising a construction of a dam. At this point, Uruk was defeated and the kingship was taken to Ur. It seems that Ur-Nammu took the opportunity of the unexpected power vacuum to fight, defeat, and annex Uruk.

The kings of the Akkadian Empire had by this time, after over 100 years of Gutian occupation, passed into legend. Stories of the exploits of Sargon the Great and his equally famous grandson Naram-Sin were regularly recited in performance, even at family gatherings for entertainment. Recognizing the value of aligning himself with these earlier rulers, Ur-Nammu purposefully presented himself as the inheritor of the glory of Akkad as part of the Akkadian lineage. He instituted a Patrimonial State in which his subjects were encouraged to see him as a father-figure who cared for his children and wanted only the best of them. For his effort of returning Sumer to its former glory (providing an apparent social and economic stability which allowed the culture to flourish) he was lauded in a Sumerian hymn that also extols his dedication to the god En'Lil of Nippur. 

The Code of Ur-Nammu assumed an universal understanding on the part of the people that Law descended from the gods and the king was simply the administrator of those laws. Harsh penalties were considered unnecessary for the majority of crimes as, since people were assumed to know how they should behave toward each other, a monetary fine as a reminder of how to behave was sufficient.

Gutians rose again against the cities of Sumer and Ur-Nammu was killed in battle. The king descended to the Underworld and his army was scattered and his body laid aside like a broken urn. His son Shulgi avenged his death by decimating the Gutians and driving the survivors completely from the region of Sumer.

NIM'ROD, THE GREAT HUNTER..

The first Scriptural mention of Nim'Rod is in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10). He is described as the son of Cush, grandson of Ham, and great-grandson of Noah.
Genesis 10:"The sons of Ham : - Cush, Egypt, Libya, and Canaan- were the ancestors of the peoples who bear their names."(10:6) "Cush had a son named Nim'Rod, who became the world's first great conqueror. By the Lord's help he was a great hunter and that is why people say, "May the Lord make you as great a hunter as Nim'Rod!"(10:8-9) Cush lived in the land of Shinar (Sumer) in which the first civilization after the blood was formed. The sons of Shem, the Semites were also mixed, to some extent, with the Sumerians.
This information is repeated in in the First Book of Chronicles 1:10, and the Land of Nimrod used as a synonym for Assyria is mentioned in the Book of Micah 5:6. Nim'Rod is not a character's name at all, instead it is a term of a type, or example, for other people to follow of a system that is epitomized in rebellion against the Creator. It is a well-known tale, common in Sumerian literature, of a man who fits the description. The Sumerians, the Babylonians, the Assyrians and the Hittites wrote about this type of person or kingship, and worshiped as the most popular hero type in the Ancient Mesopotamia.
Micah 5 says:"People of Jerusalem, gather your forces! We are besieged! They are attacking the Leader of Israel! (1) ... When the Assyrians invade our country and break through our defenses, we will send our strongest leaders to fight them. By force of arms they will conquer Assyria, the Land of Nim'Rod, and they will save us from the Assyrians when they invade our territory. The people of Israel who survive will be like refreshing dew sent by the Lord for many nations , like showers on growing plants. They will depend on God, not people." (5-7)
Also in the Book of Genesis the Scripture says that right after the Lord God planted a garden in Eden and putting the man He had formed there, 4 rivers formed beyond Eden from the stream of water that flowed in it and one of the rivers flowed around the country of Cush. (Genesis 2:13) The water is here a symbolic representation of the earthly kingship that the Lord permitted man to form after the Flood.
Founded by Cush, the Sumerians were very important historically and Scriptural.
The earliest of Sumerian kingship was resumed at Kish, the 1st city established in Mesopotamia after the Flood. The place gained prominence as one of the pre-eminent powers in the region during its early dynastic period. These people, very early, developed a religious-political state which was extremely binding on all who lived in it (except for the rulers, who were a law unto themselves). The system have influenced the way of life of the Ancient Near East for over 3,000 years through the cultures that developed in the land: Akkad, Babylon, Assyria, and Persia. They became the basis of Greece and Rome's system of rule.
The Scripture in Genesis 11 says, "At first, the people of the whole world had only one language and used the same words."(1) ..."Then the Lord came down to see the city and the tower which they had built, and said, "Now then, these are all one people and they speak one language; this is just the beginning of what they are going to do. Soon they will be able to do anything they want! Let us go down and mix up their language so that they will not understand each other."(5-7)
The 12th king of Kish appearing on the early post -deluge Sumerian king list (tablet), Etana, is noted as"the shepherd, who ascended to heaven and consolidated all the foreign countries." The tablet also says that "kingship descended from heaven to Kish." The king's name is found in later legendary tablets, and he is sometimes regarded as the 1st king of the civilization of Kish.
The control over the North of Mesopotamia was a prime element in legitimizing Kish's dominance. The king  ruled 1,560 years before being succeeded by his son Balih, said to have ruled 400 years. The name of the 9 kings preceding Etana are all Akkadian words for animals suggesting that its population had a strong Akkadian component.
Kubaba is the only woman-queen of the Sumerian king list, which states she reined for 100 years. She is one of the very few women to have ever ruled in their own right. The list places her alone in her own dynasty, the 3rd Dynasty of Kish. Before she became a queen she was a type of woman who brewed beer for commercial sale, using a warm fermentation method, resulting in a sweet-fruity taste. The profession of brewing back in ancient Mesopotamia was principally performed by women. England continued with the tradition of women brewing beer for domestic and commercial use before the Black Death.
Kubaba became the tutelary goddess who protected the ancient city of Carchemis on the Upper Euphrates, in the late Hurrian/early Hittite period. Her cult spread later adapting her name to the main goddess of the Hittite successor kingdoms in Anatolia. She later developed into the Phrygian "mother Cybele" (matar kubileya). Her Lydian name was Kuvav which Ionian Greeks initially transcribed Kybebe, rather than Kybele. In the following century she was further Hellenized as Kybebe, daughter of Zeus.
Sumer is the earliest known civilization that took place in the region of Southern Mesopotamia, modern-day Southern Irak. Living along the Valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates, Sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of grain and other crops, the surplus of which enabled them to settle in one place. The earliest texts recording the ancient way of life come from its cities of Uruk and Kish and date back to 3300 BC.
The Sumerian King list, an ancient stone tablet originally recorded in Sumerian language, lists the kings of Sumer from Sumerian and neighboring dynasties, their lengths, and kingship's location. Since it was seen as handed down by the authorities in heaven the title could be transferred from one city to another.
According to Sumerian King list, Uruk (Unug-Kulaba) was founded by the king En'Merkar. Though the king-list mentions a king of E'Anna before him, the epic "En'Mekar and the Lord of Aratta relates that En'mekar constructed the House of Heaven.
Sumer was conquered by the kings of the Akkadian Empire, but Sumerian continued as a sacred language. The Sumerians re-emerged for about a century on the 3rd Dynasty of Ur, follwed by a transitional period of Amorite (Akkadian) states before the rise of Babylonia, but the Akkadian language also remained in use. The term Amurru in Akkadian and Sumerian texts means Amorite.
The first Sumerian settlement is the city of Eridu, located 12 km South West of Ur. It is considered to have been the first city in the world in which the civilization was brought, fully formed, and where 3 separate cultures fused: the peasants farmers, living in mud-bricks huts and practicing irrigation; the mobile nomadic pastoral people, living in black tents and following herds of sheep and goats; and the fishermen, living in reed huts in the marshlands.
The centres of Eridu and Uruk (biblical Erech), two of the earliest cities, were the Southern most of a conglomeration of Sumerian cities that grew around temples, almost in sight of one another. These buildings were made of mud brick and built on top of one another. With the temples growing upward and the village growing outward, a larger city was built. The temples became the most imposing structures in their respective cities, each dedicated to their own entity.
Extra-biblical traditions associated Nim'Rod with the Tower of Babel in the land of Shinar that led to his reputation as a king who was rebellious against God. The centers of his kingdom were Babylon, Erech, Akkad, and Calneh in Shinar. (Genesis 10) After the Tower of Babel, he extended his domain to the Assyrian territory and there Nim'Rod built Nineveh and Rehoboth-Ir and Calah and resen between Nineveh and Calah. Thus his mighty hunting was not confined to the chase, the hunting was his earlier token compared to what he achieved as conqueror.
Nim'Rod is the first after the Flood to found a kingdom, to unite all the fragments of scattered patriarchal rule, and consolidate them under himself as sole head master; and all this in defiance of the Lord God, the Creator of everything.