Th Evil Eye is a curse believed to be cast by a malevolent glare, usually given to a person when they are unaware.
Many cultures believe that receiving the Evil Eye will cause misfortune or injury. The concept and its significance vary widely. The belief dates back to classical Antiquity. It is referenced by Hesiod, Callimachus, Plato, Diodorus, Siculus, Theocritus, Plutarch, Heliodorus, Pliny the Elder, and Aulus Gellius.
Plutarch's scientific explanation stated that the eyes were the Chief, if not sole, Source of the Deadly Rays that were suppose to spring up like poisoned darts from the inner recesses of a person possessing the evil eye.
In the Roman days not only were individuals considered to possess the power of the evil eye but whole tribes, especially those of Pontus and Scythia, were believed to be transmitters of the evil eye. The spreading of the belief towards the East is believed to have propagated by the Empire of Alexander the Great.
In present day, the belief is stronger in West Asia, Latin America, East and West Africa, Central America, South Asia, Central Asia, and Europe, especially the Mediterranean Region; it has also spread to areas, including Northern Europe, particularly in the Celtic regions, and the Americas, where it was brought by Europeans invaders and West Asian immigrants.
In Aegean Region and other areas where light colored eyes are relatively rare, people with green eyes, and especially blue eyes, are thought to bestow the curse, intentionally or unintentionally. Assyrians are strong believers in the evil eye. They usually wear a blue/turquoise bead around a necklace to be protected from it. They believe that people with green or blue eyes are more prone to the evil eye effect.
Among those who do not take the evil eye literally, either by reason of the culture in which they were raised or because they simply do not believe it, the words "to give someone the evil eye" usually means simply to glare at the person in anger or disgust. In India, the evil eye (Drishti=gaze; Buri Nazar; Chashme Baddoor), through time of historical myths, babies and newborn infants will have their eye adorned with an eyeliner (kajal). The color is black, as it is believed that black wards off any evil auras. To methods of removing the bad aura differs depending on the culture or the area. Items used to remove it can be Rock Salt, Red Chilies, or Oiled Cloth. Taking one of this items and rotating the item over the hand of the affected and around the whole body and then burning it as a way of destroying the bad spirit with fire. In Ethiopian folk religion, Buda is the power of the evil eye and the ability to change into a Hyena. It is generally believed to be a power held and wielded by those in a different social group. The alleged evil power of the group is similar to that of the Witches. The traditional belief is that the evil eye curses first the people who possess it because of the malevolent spirits which are rooted in Envy. It allows the bearer to change into a hyena, allowing him or her attack another person while concealing his or her true nature. They are believed to be empowered by evil spirits acquiring skills from an elemental source of evil via the paternal lineage. The belief is also present in Sudan, Tanzania, and among the Berbers in Morocco.
The idea appears several times in translations of the old Testament. It is also translated as "the eye of the envious." A simple and instant way of protection in Christian Countries is to make the Sign of the Cross with your hand and direct the index and the little finger pointing towards the supposed source of influence or supposed victim. The 10th commandment :"Do not covet anything that belongs to your neighbor" is a Law against bestowing the evil eye on another person.
Rabbi Eliezer says an evil eye is worse than a bad friend, a bad neighbor, or an evil heart. A man with an evil eye will not only feel no joy but experience actual distress when others prosper, and will rejoice when others suffer. A person of this character represents a danger to moral purity.
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