ISRAEL OF TODAY AND YESTERDAY.

As of 2013, Israel's population is 8 million. Jews form 75 per cent of the population, followed by 20 per cent of non-Jewish Arabs, and 5 per cent of other denominations.
The Israeli-occupied territories is a political concept, referring to the territories occupied by Israel during the 6-Day-War of 1967. Israel captured the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. It established settlements along the Gulf of Aqaba and in the NorthEast position, just below the Gaza Strip. It was returned to Egypt in staged beginning in 1979 as part of the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty. By 1982 Israel dismantled 18 settlements, 2 air force bases, a naval base, the only oil resources under Israel control. Since then the Sinai Peninsula has not been regarded as occupied territory.
The Peninsula id a triangular land in Egypt of about 60,000km2/23,000sq mi, in area. It is situated between the Mediterranean Sea to the North, and the Red Sea to the South, and is the only part of Egyptian land located in Asia, as opposed to Africa, serving as a Land Bridge between 2 continents. The Sinai Peninsula has remained a part of Egypt from the 1st Dynasty (3100BC) until the 21st century. It contrast to the Region North of it, the Levant (present-day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, and Palestine), which, due largely to "its strategic geopolitical location" has historically been the centre of conflict between Egypt and any of the states of ancient and medieval Meso-Potamia and Asia Minor.
The Sinai, during the conflicting times, also has been occupied and controlled by foreign forces. The Ottoman Empire ruled the land from 1517 to 1867. The United Kingdom from 1882 to 1956. Israel invaded the land during the Suez Crisis of 1956 (simultaneous coordinated attacks from the United Kingdom Crown, French Crown, and Israel), and the occupation during and after the 6-Day-War of 1967. On 6 October 1973, Egypt launched the Yom Kippur War to retake the land from Israel. By 1982, Israel withdraw all its forces from all of the Sinai Peninsula except the contentious land of Taba, near the Northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba, Egypt's busiest border crossing with neighboring Israel, which was returned in 1989.
Mount Sinai (Mount of Moses), a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt is mentioned many times in the Book of Exodus and other Books of the Bible, and the Quran. Acording to Jewish, Christian, and Islamic tradition, Mount Sinai was the place where Moses received the 10 Commandments.
Israel also captured the Golan Heights from Syria in the 1967 Six-Day-War.
As a geological and biogeographical Region, it is a basaltic Plateau bordered by the Yarmouk River in the South, the Sea of Galilee and Hula Valley in the West, the Anti-Lebanon with Mount Hermon in the North, and the Valley (Wadi) Raqqad which flows South-West Syria forming the topographical Eastern boundary of the Golan Heights. The Western two-thirds of this region are currently occupy by Israel, whereas the Eastern third is controlled by Syria.
As a geopolitical Region, the Golan Heights is the area captured from Syria and occupied by Israel during the 6-Day-War, territory which Israel effectively annexed in 1981. This Region includes the Western two-thirds of the geological Golan Heights, as well as the Israeli-occupied part of Mount Hermon.
Evidence of human habitation in the Region dates to between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago. According to the Bible an Amorite Kingdom in Bas-Han was conquered by Israelites during the reign of King Og.
He was slain by Moses and his men in the Battle of Edrei, a land in SouthWestern Syria, North of the border with Jordan. Og is mentioned in Jewish literature as being one of the very few giants that survived the flood. In the Book of Amos 2:9 Og is referred as "the Amorite whose height was like the height of the cedars and whose strength was like that of the oaks." Og is introduced in the Book of Numbers. Like his neighbor Sih-On of Heshb-On, whom Moses had previously conquered at the Battle of Ja-Haz, Og was the king of Bas-Han. He contained 60 walled cities and many no-walled towns, with his capital Ash-Taroth. Og's destruction is told in Psalms 135:11 and 136:20 as one of many great victories for the Nation of Israel.